More than one-third of patients experience oral complications during or after cancer therapy. To make the therapy process as comfortable as possible, the mouth and teeth must be in the best possible condition before the treatment begins.
Three steps in implementing this plan:
1. Dental care before starting cancer therapy
Visit the dentist: If the teeth and gums are not healthy before therapy begins, the risk of complications is higher. During this process, immunity is weakened, which increases the chance of infections due to poor oral health. Depending on the patient’s overall condition and the therapy plan, the dentist will treat or extract problematic teeth and treat gum inflammation. If the oral condition is very poor, this may sometimes delay the start of the main therapy.
Maintain hygiene: Brush your teeth regularly, 2–3 times a day with fluoride toothpaste. Use a soft (ultra-soft) toothbrush. Be sure to also maintain tongue hygiene. To clean between the teeth, use dental floss or interdental brushes.
Rinse your mouth: This helps reduce the number of bacteria in the mouth and neutralizes the acidic environment. You can use a teaspoon of baking soda dissolved in a glass of water. Avoid mouthwashes that contain alcohol.
Eat healthy: Consume plenty of fruits, vegetables, fish, and other foods that generally support your overall health.
Quit smoking.
2. Dental care during cancer therapy
These are the most common conditions that may occur during therapy. Most of them resolve on their own after therapy ends.
Dry mouth: Caused by decreased saliva production. It leads to a burning sensation, difficulty swallowing, and speaking. Patients are advised to drink plenty of water daily and chew sugar-free gum to stimulate the salivary glands. It is also very important to maintain good oral hygiene, as reduced saliva increases bacterial growth.
Gum inflammation and mouth sores: This also requires thorough hygiene and frequent rinsing. If an infection occurs, consult your dentist.
Jaw pain: Often occurs in cases of radiation near the head and neck. Pain can be felt in the jaw joint area, ear, or face. Ask your dentist about possible medications and exercises that may help.
Metallic taste in the mouth: This is also a side effect of medications used in cancer therapy and is usually temporary. Patients wearing dentures may find relief by removing them during periods when not eating.
3. Dental care after cancer therapy
After therapy ends, visit your dentist to assess your current oral health. New cavities may appear due to reduced saliva flow and should be treated as soon as possible. Also, if you had to extract any teeth before therapy, consult your dentist about possible replacement options. During this period, continue following all hygiene and healthy lifestyle advice as before therapy.
Regular check-ups
Although dental health may not seem like a top priority compared to cancer treatment, taking care of your oral health will support your overall well-being during therapy. By regularly visiting your dentist for preventive exams and cleanings, you will contribute to maintaining good oral health.
